Real-time particle analysis of explosives compounds using single-particle mass spectrometry

The detection of trace amounts of hazardous agents has become crucial for protection of human life, infrastructure and the environment. Single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) has proven to be a sensitive measurement technique for instantly revealing the chemical composition of individual, potentially harmful aerosol and dust particles. In this study, we focus on profiling non-volatile particles of explosive compounds in powdered form. It is reported, how the unique SPMS technology, based on ( 1) particle velocimetry and sizing, (2) sophisticated laser ionization and (3) bipolar time-offlight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) has been tailored and applied for the detection of individual particles of common explosive substances in the micro- and nanometer range. Out of more than 30 different types of military and home-made explosives, which were investigated in our recent laboratory measurements, the mass spectra of 12 commonly used explosives compounds are examined. Steps are described for automated and reliable identification of characteristic spectral markers of each of the explosives in their respective mass spectra.