Effect of hollow glass microspheres (HGM) on improving self-heating capability of cement composites exposed to various deterioration conditions

Cement-based self-heating composites play a crucial role in addressing the need for intelligent road and pavement systems capable of efficient de-icing in severe weather conditions. However, the self-heating capability of these composites can be adversely affected by various deteriorating factors such as water ingress, nitric and sulfuric attacks, and freeze-thaw conditions. In this study, we propose the use of hollow glass microspheres (HGM) to enhance the self-heating capability of cement composites exposed to such deteriorating conditions. The initial investigation focused on observing the effects of HGM incorporation on changes in compressive strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. Subsequently, the self-heating capability of these composites was systematically examined under cyclic heating conditions following exposure to deterioration factors. Microstructural analysis, including mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), was conducted. The results indicated that the inclusion of HGM can effectively safeguard the conductive networks from external solutions, thereby preventing potential disconnection of these networks. Consequently, the incorporation of HGM is anticipated to enhance both the electrical stability and self-heating capability of cement composites exposed to diverse deteriorating conditions.