Speech and language patterns in autism: Towards natural language processing as a research and clinical tool

被引:1
|
作者
Trayvick, Jadyn [1 ,2 ]
Barkley, Sarah B. [1 ,2 ]
McGowan, Alessia [3 ]
Srivastava, Agrima [3 ]
Peters, Arabella W. [1 ]
Cecchi, Guillermo A. [4 ]
Foss-Feig, Jennifer H. [1 ,3 ,5 ]
Corcoran, Cheryl M. [3 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Seaver Autism Ctr Res & Treatment, Dept Psychiat, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA
[2] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
[3] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Psychiat, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA
[4] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Computat Biol Ctr Neurosci, 1101 Kitchawan Rd, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA
[5] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Mindich Child Hlth & Dev Inst, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA
[6] James J Peters Vet Adm, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA
关键词
Autism; Speech; Language; Natural language processing; Automated speech analysis; Acoustics; Computational phenotyping; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; INTERNAL-STATE-LANGUAGE; SPECTRUM DISORDER; ASPERGER SYNDROME; NARRATIVE COMPETENCE; CHILDREN; PROSODY; INDIVIDUALS; PSYCHOSIS; STRESS;
D O I
10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116109
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
Speech and language differences have long been described as important characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Linguistic abnormalities range from prosodic differences in pitch, intensity, and rate of speech, to language idiosyncrasies and difficulties with pragmatics and reciprocal conversation. Heterogeneity of findings and a reliance on qualitative, subjective ratings, however, limit a full understanding of linguistic phenotypes in autism. This review summarizes evidence of both speech and language differences in ASD. We also describe recent advances in linguistic research, aided by automated methods and software like natural language processing (NLP) and speech analytic software. Such approaches allow for objective, quantitative measurement of speech and language patterns that may be more tractable and unbiased. Future research integrating both speech and language features and capturing "natural language" samples may yield a more comprehensive understanding of language differences in autism, offering potential implications for diagnosis, intervention, and research.
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收藏
页数:12
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