Research on the Sustainable Development of Urban Tourism Economy: A Perspective of Resilience and Efficiency Synergies

Resilience and efficiency are the key elements of sustainable development. Their synergistic advancement promotes the sustainable growth of the urban tourism economy. The study measures the resilience and efficiency of the urban tourism economy in 11 cities of Hebei Province, China, employing a weighting method and super-efficiency SBM model. Additionally, the study investigates the synergistic effects and evolutionary characteristics of resilience and efficiency using the Haken model. The research shows that the efficiency of the urban tourism economy acts as the order parameter, governing the evolutionary trajectory and direction of the urban tourism economy in Hebei Province. This parameter facilitates the dynamic transformation of the urban tourism economy from disorder to order and from low efficiency to high efficiency. The synergistic development of urban tourism economic resilience and efficiency in Hebei Province has gone through a benign evolution from a primary stage to a high stage, presenting a stable and sustained positive trend. However, significant spatial differences exist between cities, forming an "east-central-west" concave spatial pattern, and there is a "Matthew effect" among cities.