SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LASER-ABLATED SILVER AND TITANIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: IMPLICATIONS FOR DRUG DELIVERY

Using the laser ablation method, the study explores the synthesis and characterisation of three nanocomposites: titanium dioxide (TiO2)/polyethylene 2 )/polyethylene glycol (PEG), silver (Ag)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)/polyethylene 2 )/polyethylene glycol (PEG) and silver (Ag)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)/chitosan 2 )/chitosan (Ct's). These composites act as delivery systems for 5-Fluorouracil (5Fu), an anticancer medication. Various characterization techniques were utilised, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible, X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the freshly produced composites have chemical interactions; the Ag-TiO2-PEG-5Fu composite has the highest crystallinity. Particle size distribution has an average size of 45 nm and a range of 10 to 100 nm. The UV-visible absorption spectrum shows a clear blue shift, which improves the possibility for medication delivery. Through cytotoxicity tests on the AMN3 cell line, the study illustrates the promise of nanocomposites in pharmaceutical applications, particularly in boosting the efficacy of cancer therapy. The co- administration of polymers with 5-FU augments their cytotoxic effect, indicating viable substitutes for the treatment of cancer. The AgTiO2 2 PEG 5-Fu composite, in particular, has the strongest cytotoxic effects, suggesting that it is a viable therapy option for cancer. PEGylation improves medication dispersion, which raises cytotoxicity slightly. Chitosan demonstrates inherent anti-tumorogenic properties at particular dosage ranges. Furthermore, decreasing cytotoxicity by doubling the content of silver (Ag) in the AgTiO2 2 PEG 5-FU composite may be attributed to Ag particle agglomeration. It's interesting to note that when compared to the AgTiO2 2 composite, the TiO2 2 composite shows noticeably more cytotoxicity. All things considered, the study highlights the potential of nanocomposites in drug delivery applications, especially when it comes to improving the administration of anticancer drugs. The combination of polymers, nanometallic materials and 5-FU offers bright futures for cancer treatment; positive results have been seen even in created composites that do not include 5-FU.