Recent advances in electrochemical C-N coupling for carbon and nitrogen emissions reduction and resource recovery

The electrochemical reduction of CO2 and nitrogen-containing molecules for synthesizing value-added chemicals is a promising technology to mitigate carbon and nitrogen emissions. This review explores the mechanisms of organonitrogens electrosynthesis, focusing on potential-determining steps such as chemisorption and the activation of inert molecule, followed by C-N couplings. Understanding the structure-activity relationship, including electronic and surface structures and the coordination environment, is crucial for designing catalysts. We also describe key components (cells, applied potential, pH, and electrolytes) essential for efficient organonitrogens electrosynthesis. Furthermore, we evaluate the profitability of this technology in reducing emissions. Optimal efficiencies in carbon capture and nitrogen reduction are projected to reach 57 mmol/kWh g(cat) and 80 mmol/kWh g(cat), respectively, with potential product profits of approximately $3100 per day. Finally, we highlight future perspectives to guide investigations aimed at improving yields, enhancing applications, and expanding the scope of products from electrocatalytic CO2 reduction with nitrogen integration.