Cellulose acetate based-membrane supported by metal-organic frameworks for the removal of diclofenac and ciprofloxacin from polluted water

Micropollutants (MPs) such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products and suspended particles have been a great menace to water resources in recent times. Especially diclofenac (DCF) and ciprofloxacin (CFP) have been shown to have varying toxic effects on several aquatic organisms. As a results, it is necessary to remove the MPs from aquatic systems. The development of membranes with enhanced permeability, fouling resistance, stability, and efficacious contaminants, as well as salt removal from wastewater. These requirements for the effective filtration of wastewater could be resolved by incorporating highly water-stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into membranes. In this study, cellulose acetate (CLA), polysulfone (PS) [CLA/PS] (M1) and MOFincorporated CLA/PS/MIL-88A membrane (M2)-were synthesized, characterised and assessed for their filtration and rejection functions. The M2 membranes exhibited high rejection efficiency of 80 % and 78 % for diclofenac and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Also, the prepared materials were characterised using suitable analytical instruments. Additionally, the membrane's antifouling properties of about 90 % flux recovery ratio and pure water permeability (84.2 L/h m2) 2 ) were studied. Moreover, the MIL-88A incorporated into cellulose acetate enhances the stability and reusability of the M2 membrane, providing good potential for the stable and effective removal of micropollutants for water treatment.