Three Images of Vasily Ivanovich Chapayev in the Memory of Russian Society

The study of various images of V.I. Chapaev preserved in the memory of Russian society is an urgent and significant problem. The disclosure of the myth of V.I. Chapaev and its historical authenticity will help to better understand the processes of formation of historical memory, national identity, identity and the development of the cultural landscape. The cultural memory of Chapaev contains certain symbols, myths and images. Historical memory constructs a historical image with the help of commemorative practices. Narrative memorabilia in the form of legends, memoirs, fiction novels and scientific works contributed to the formation of the memory of Chapaev. Visual memorials in films and paintings gave him an imaginative and sensual perception, monumental memorials are represented by museums and dozens of monuments to the beginning of the world in different cities. The ceremonial commemorations were intended to combine individual commemorative practices during mass a ceremonies dedicated to the hero. The three images of Chapaev have been gradually formed in the memory of Russian society: scientific/documentary; heroic/epic and folklore/anecdotal. The heroic image of Chapaev began to take shape first in the form of legends, legends, songs and poems that appeared back in the 1920s. He received a vivid embodiment in the novel by D.A. Furmanov and in the film Chapaev. The formation of the folklore/anecdotal image of Vasily Ivanovich dates to the 1960s. All three images interact and complement each other, which contributes to the transformation of Chapaev into one of the symbols of Russian identity.