Exploring the Gut Microbiota: Key Insights Into Its Role in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes

被引:11
作者
Pillai, Sabitha Sasidharan [1 ,2 ]
Gagnon, Charles A. [3 ]
Foster, Christy [4 ]
Ashraf, Ambika P. [4 ]
机构
[1] Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Ctr Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
[2] Univ Southern Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
[3] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Marnix E Heersink Sch Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
[4] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Pediat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
关键词
gut microbiota; gut microbiome; obesity; metabolic syndrome; type; 2; diabetes; INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA; IMPACT; DIET; INTERSECTION; ENDOTOXEMIA; DYSBIOSIS; PROTEIN; ACIDS; AXIS;
D O I
10.1210/clinem/dgae499
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
The gut microbiota (GM), comprising trillions of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, is a key player in the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome (MS), and cardiovascular diseases. This mini-review delves into the intricate roles and mechanisms of the GM in these conditions, offering insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiota. The review elucidates the diversity and development of the human GM, highlighting its pivotal functions in host physiology, including nutrient absorption, immune regulation, and energy metabolism. Studies show that GM dysbiosis is linked to increased energy extraction, altered metabolic pathways, and inflammation, contributing to obesity, MS, and T2D. The interplay between dietary habits and GM composition is explored, underscoring the influence of diet on microbial diversity and metabolic functions. Additionally, the review addresses the impact of common medications and therapeutic interventions like fecal microbiota transplantation on GM composition. The evidence so far advocates for further research to delineate the therapeutic potential of GM modulation in mitigating obesity and metabolic diseases, emphasizing the necessity of clinical trials to establish effective and sustainable treatment protocols.
引用
收藏
页码:2709 / 2719
页数:11
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