Realizing preparation of zinc anode through regulating electrodeposition current density for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have shown great potential for large-scale application of energy storage, and the crystal orientation of zinc (Zn) anode is closely related to the battery performance. In order to further clarify the relationship between Zn(002) plane and battery performance, the dense Zn layers was deposited by pulse current on annealed copper foils. The relationship between pulse current density and Zn(002) plane percentage was investigated, and the relationship between Zn(002) plane and battery performance was clarified. The results show that the orientation consistency of deposited Zn layers becomes better with the increasing of current density, and Zn(002) plane percentage gradually increases. The Zn anode was prepared with the current density of 30 mA cm(-2), and the assembled full cell exhibits more stable cycling performance, meanwhile, the Coulombic efficiency of nearly 100 % can still be maintained after cycling for 500 cycles. The performance of aqueous ZIBs significantly improves with the increasing of Zn(002) plane percentage.