Logic and Numbers Related to Solar Neutrinos

In this work, first of all, a number of hidden aspects of the concept of particle oscillations are analyzed. The key element of this concept, which does not comply with the principle of least action, is the notion of a mixture of particles, introduced by Gell-Mann, and Pais for neutral K$K$-mesons. It is proven that the law of conservation of energy-momentum in the processes of electron neutrino production does not allow solving the problem of solar neutrinos based on the assumption of Gribov and Pontecorvo about their oscillations. It is established that the consequences of Wolfenstein's equation contradict the results of the SNO and Super-Kamiokande collaborations and that the assertion by Mikheev and Smirnov on the conversion of solar neutrinos is erroneous. Another part of the work is devoted to a logically clear solution to this problem based on the hypothesis of the existence of a new interaction, the carrier of which is a massless pseudoscalar boson, which has a Yukawa coupling with electron neutrinos and nucleons. At each act of interaction of an electron neutrino with the nucleons of the Sun, caused by such interaction, the handedness of the neutrino changes from left to right and vice versa, and also the neutrino energy decreases. The hypothesis provides good agreement between the theoretical and experimental values of the rates of all five observed processes with solar neutrinos. This serves as a significant criterion for both the confidence of such a solution to the problem of solar neutrinos and the confidence of the existence of a new interaction. The problem of solar neutrinos discovered by Davis allows for one of two fundamentally different solutions. The neutrino oscillation assumption, put forward by Gribov and Pontecorvo, considers electron neutrinos as mixtures of two new massive neutrinos. The notion of a mixture of particles, introduced earlier by Gell-Mann, and Pais, contradicts the principles of classical logic. The Gribov-Pontecorvo assumption is not confirmed by numbers reflecting a comparison of theoretical and experimental results for each of the five observed processes with solar neutrinos. Another solution is based on the hypothesis about the existence of a new interaction involving electron neutrinos and nucleons. In its implementation, logically clear methods of classical quantum field theory are used. The obtained good agreement between theoretical and experimental numbers for all five observed processes.