Cocaine- and Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis: Defining the Spectrum of Autoimmune Manifestations

被引:1
|
作者
Iorio, Luca [1 ]
Davanzo, Federica [1 ]
Cazzador, Diego [2 ]
Codirenzi, Marta [1 ]
Fiorin, Eleonora [1 ]
Zanatta, Elisabetta [1 ,3 ]
Nicolai, Piero [2 ]
Doria, Andrea [1 ]
Padoan, Roberto [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Padua, Dept Med DIMED, Rheumatol Unit, I-35128 Padua, Italy
[2] Univ Padua, Dept Neurosci DNS, Otolaryngol Sect, I-35128 Padua, Italy
[3] Univ Padua, Dept Cardiac Thorac Vasc Sci & Publ Hlth, I-35128 Padua, Italy
关键词
vasculitis; cocaine; levamisole; antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody; ANCA; cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion; CIMDL; cocaine-induced vasculitis; CIV; levamisole-adulterated cocaine; LAC vasculopathy/vasculitis; MIDLINE DESTRUCTIVE LESIONS; ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODIES; ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS; OSTEOCARTILAGINOUS NECROSIS; NECROTIZING VASCULITIS; SINONASAL INVOLVEMENT; INDUCED VASCULOPATHY; NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; PALATE PERFORATION; RETIFORM PURPURA;
D O I
10.3390/jcm13175116
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Drug-induced or associated vasculitis is a prevalent form of vasculitis that resembles primary idiopathic antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) vasculitis (AAV). Cocaine is a diffuse psychostimulant drug and levamisole is a synthetic compound used to cut cocaine. Their abuse may result in a spectrum of autoimmune manifestations which could be categorized into three overlapping clinical pictures: cocaine-induced midline destructive lesion (CIMDL), levamisole-adulterated cocaine (LAC) vasculopathy/vasculitis, and cocaine-induced vasculitis (CIV). The mechanisms by which cocaine use leads to disorders resembling AAV are not well understood. Cocaine can cause autoimmune manifestations ranging from localized nasal lesions to systemic diseases, with neutrophils playing a key role through NETosis and ANCA development, which exacerbates immune responses and tissue damage. Diagnosing and treating these conditions becomes challenging when cocaine and levamisole abuse is not suspected, due to the differences and overlaps in clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects compared to primary idiopathic vasculitides.
引用
收藏
页数:19
相关论文
共 43 条
  • [31] Recurrent Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis Induced by Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine
    Alonso, Begona Macias
    Bashyam, Arjun M.
    Eginli, Ariana N.
    Ahn, Christine S.
    McMichael, Amy J.
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY, 2021, 43 (06) : 443 - 445
  • [32] Levamisole-induced myopathy and leukocytoclastic vasculitis: a case report and literature review
    Tsai, Meng-Hsuan
    Yang, Jen-Hung
    Kung, Sheng-Ling
    Hsiao, Yu-Ping
    DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY, 2013, 26 (06) : 476 - 480
  • [33] Purpuric skin eruption in an illicit drug user: Levamisole-induced vasculitis
    Graff, Nicholas
    Whitworth, Kristen
    Trigger, Christopher
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE, 2016, 34 (07) : 1321.e5 - 1321.e6
  • [34] Syndrome of Cocaine-Levamisole-Induced Cutaneous Vasculitis and Immune-Mediated Leukopenia
    Poon, Samuel H.
    Baliog, Crisostomo R., Jr.
    Sams, Ralph N.
    Robinson-Bostom, Leslie
    Telang, Gladys H.
    Reginato, Anthony M.
    SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM, 2011, 41 (03) : 434 - 444
  • [35] Is Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis a Relegated Diagnostic Possibility? A Case Report and Review of Literature
    Patnaik, Soumya
    Balderia, Percy
    Vanchhawng, Lisa
    Markazi, Peyman
    Wykretowicz, Jedrzej
    Perloff, Sarah
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS, 2015, 16 : 658 - 662
  • [36] Plasmapheresis and Steroid Treatment of Levamisole-Induced Vasculopathy and Associated Skin Necrosis in Crack/Cocaine Users
    Pavenski, Katerina
    Vandenberghe, Hilde
    Jakubovic, Henry
    Adam, David N.
    Garvey, Bernadette
    Streutker, Catherine J.
    JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS MEDICINE AND SURGERY, 2013, 17 (02) : 123 - 128
  • [37] Pulmonary-renal syndrome secondary to cocaine-levamisole-induced vasculitis: A case report
    Restrepo-Escobar, Mauricio
    Sylva, Dayana
    Guillermo Gamboa, Juan
    Echeverri, Andres
    Marquez, Javier
    Fernando Pinto, Luis
    REUMATOLOGIA CLINICA, 2020, 16 (03): : 239 - 241
  • [38] A Unique Presentation of Levamisole-Induced Antineutrophil-Cytoplasmic-Antibody-Positive Vasculitis Presenting as Inflammatory Orbitopathy
    Castro, Hannah M. Muniz
    Do, Thai H.
    Bhattacharjee, Meenakshi B.
    Adesina, Ore-ofe O.
    Richani, Karina
    OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY, 2020, 36 (04) : E96 - E100
  • [39] Cocaine-Induced Vasculitis: Uncommon Manifestations in the Lower Extremities - A Case Report
    Umoh, Israel
    Mikhail, Elizabeth
    Ibrahim, Mahmoud
    Kunadi, Arvind
    JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HOSPITAL INTERNAL MEDICINE PERSPECTIVES, 2025, 15 (01):
  • [40] Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome from Levamisole-Adulterated Cocaine-Induced Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis: A Systematic Review
    Bucur, Philip
    Weber, Marshall
    Agrawal, Rashi
    Madera-Acosta, Adria Irina
    Elam, Rachel E. E.
    PHARMACEUTICALS, 2023, 16 (06)