Analysis of Wind Turbine Wake Dynamics by a Gaussian-Core Vortex Lattice Technique

The development and deployment of the next generation of wind energy systems calls for simulation tools that model the entire wind farm while balancing accuracy and computational cost. A full-system wind farm simulation must consider the atmospheric inflow, the wakes and consequent response of the multiple turbines, and the implementation of the appropriate farm-collective control strategies that optimize the entire wind farm's output. In this article, we present a novel vortex lattice model that enables the effective representation of the complex vortex wake dynamics of the turbines in a farm subject to transient inflow conditions. This work extends the capabilities of our multi-physics suite, CODEF, to include the capability to simulate the wakes and the high-fidelity aeroelastic response of multiple turbines in a wind farm. Herein, we compare the results of our GVLM technique with the LiDAR measurements obtained at Sandia National Laboratories' SWiFT facility. The comparison shows remarkable similarities between the simulation and field measurements of the wake velocity. These similarities demonstrate our model's capabilities in capturing the entire wake of a wind turbine at a significantly reduced computational cost as compared to other techniques.