The Use of Kidneys With Lower Longevity From Deceased Donors to Improve Access to Preemptive Renal Transplantation for Elderly Patients: A Qualitative Study

被引:2
作者
Sancho, Carina [1 ]
Affdal, Aliya [1 ,2 ]
Gallego, Fabian-Andres [2 ]
Malo, Marie-Francoise [1 ]
Cochran-Mavrikakis, Savannah-Lou [3 ]
Cardinal, Heloise [2 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Gill, John [7 ]
Fortin, Marie-Chantal [2 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Montreal, Ecole Sante Publ, Bioeth Program, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
[2] CHU Montreal CRCHUM, Ctr Rech, Room R12-418,900 St Denis St, Montreal, PQ H2X 0A9, Canada
[3] Univ Montreal, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Philosophy, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
[4] Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
[5] CHU Montreal, Quebec City, PQ, Canada
[6] Canadian Donat & Transplantat Res Program, Edmonton, AB, Canada
[7] Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Div Nephrol, Vancouver, BC, Canada
关键词
preemptive transplantation; elderly patients; ethics; qualitative interviews; nonutilized kidneys; SURVIVAL BENEFIT; RECIPIENTS; MORTALITY; DIALYSIS;
D O I
10.1177/20543581241267165
中图分类号
R5 [内科学]; R69 [泌尿科学(泌尿生殖系疾病)];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Background: There is a gap between the number of patients waiting for a transplant and the number of kidneys available. Some deceased donor kidneys are currently nonutilized, as medical teams fear that they will experience suboptimal graft survival. However, these organs could provide an acceptable therapeutic option if they were allocated for preemptive kidney transplantation in elderly candidates.Objective: This project aims to gather patients' perspectives on the allocation of kidneys with lower longevity for preemptive kidney transplantation in elderly patients.Design: Individual interviews.Setting: The Center hospitalier de l'Université de Montré al (CHUM) chronic kidney disease (CKD) clinic.Participants: Patients aged between 64 and 75 years with CKD G4-5 ND, followed at the CHUM and who have not initiated dialysis yet.Methods: Between March and July 2023, we conducted 14 individual interviews with patients aged between 64 and 75 years who had CKD G4-5 ND and were followed at the CHUM. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was conducted.Results: Most participants were in favor of using kidneys with lower longevity to increase their access to transplantation, improve their quality of life, enable accelerated transplantation, and avoid dialysis. Patients also wanted to be engaged in the decision-making process, underlining the importance of informed consent. Although the use of kidneys with lower longevity offers the hope of returning to "normal" life, some patients were concerned about the risk of reduced graft survival and the need for a subsequent kidney transplant. In these cases, patients were interested in using mitigation strategies, such as prioritization for kidney transplantation from standard donors in case of early graft loss associated with receiving kidneys with lower longevity. They also recommended the development of a separate waiting list for patients consenting to preemptive transplantation with kidneys with lower longevity.Limitations: This study was conducted in only 1 nephrology clinic in the province of Quebec with French-speaking patients. Consequently, the results may not be generalizable to other populations, including ethnic minorities.Conclusion: The use of kidneys with lower longevity for preemptive kidney transplantation appears to be an interesting option for elderly kidney transplant candidates. However, patient information and participation in the decision-making process are essential. Moreover, organ donation organizations and transplant programs should develop a separate waitlist for transplant candidates who have preconsented to receive organ offers of deceased donor kidneys with lower longevity.Trial registration: Not registered. Mise en contexte: Il existe un é cart entre le nombre de patients en attente d'une greffe et le nombre de reins disponibles. À l'heure actuelle, un certain nombre de reins de donneurs dé cé dé s ne sont pas utilisé s, car les é quipes mé dicales craignent que la survie des greffons ne soit pas optimale. Ces organes pourraient toutefois constituer une option thé rapeutique acceptable s'ils é taient attribué s à des candidats â gé s pour une transplantation pré-emptive.Objectifs de l'é tude: Ce projet vise à connaî tre la position des patients quant à la transplantation pré-emptive de reins jugé s de moindre longé vité chez des candidats â gé s.Conception: Entretiens individuels.Cadre: La clinique d'insuffisance ré nale chronique du Center hospitalier de l'Université de Montré al (CHUM).Sujets: Des patients â gé s de 64 à 75 ans atteints d'IRC G4-5 suivis au CHUM et n'ayant pas encore amorcé la dialyse.Mé thodologie: Entre mars et juillet 2023, nous avons mené 14 entretiens individuels avec des patients de 64 à 75 ans non dialysé s atteints d'IRC G4-5 suivis au CHUM. Les entrevues ont é té enregistré es sous forme numé rique, puis transcrites. Une analyze thé matique a é té effectué e.Ré sultats: La plupart des personnes interrogé es é taient en faveur de l'utilisation de reins de moindre longé vité en vue d'augmenter leur accè s à la transplantation, d'amé liorer leur qualité de vie, d'accé lé rer la transplantation et d'é viter la dialyse. Les patients souhaitaient é galement participer au processus dé cisionnel, ce qui met en lumiè re l'importance du consentement é clairé. Bien que l'utilisation de reins de moindre longé vité offre l'espoir d'un retour à une vie << normale >>, certains patients s'inquié taient du risque de survie ré duite du greffon et, dè s lors, de l'é ventuelle né cessité d'une nouvelle greffe. Dans ces cas, les personnes interrogé es é taient inté ressé es par des straté gies d'atté nuation comme une priorité donné e à la transplantation de reins provenant de donneurs standards en cas de perte pré coce du greffon lié e au fait d'avoir reç u un rein de moindre longé vité. Les personnes ré pondantes ont é galement proposé l'é tablissement d'une liste d'attente distincte pour les patients qui consentent à une transplantation pré-emptive avec des reins de moindre longé vité.Limites de l'é tude: Cette é tude a é té mené e dans une seule clinique de né phrologie au Qué bec auprè s de patients francophones. Par consé quent, les ré sultats pourraient ne pas ê tre gé né ralisables à d'autres populations, notamment à des personnes issues de minorité s ethniques.Conclusion: L'utilisation de reins de moindre longé vité pour la transplantation ré nale pré-emptive semble ê tre une option thé rapeutique inté ressante pour les candidats â gé s. Toutefois, il est essentiel que les patients soient bien informé s et qu'ils participent au processus dé cisionnel. Enfin, les organismes de don d'organes et les programs de transplantation devraient é tablir une liste d'attente distincte pour les candidats ayant pré alablement consenti à recevoir des offres d'organes pour des reins de moindre longé vité provenant de donneurs dé cé dé s.
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