IMPACT OF EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

The rise in extreme weather conditions poses a formidable menace to the ecosystem services (ES) bestowed by ecosystems upon humanity. A precise comprehension of the ramifications of extreme weather events on ES is imperative to establish a robust scientific foundation for mitigating the adverse consequences of such phenomena. Despite the extensive corpus of international studies on the impact of extreme weather events on ES, there is a lack of literature reviews and nuanced discussions regarding forthcoming research aims. Therefore, this paper selects to focus on drought, extreme precipitation, heatwaves, and extreme cold-representatives of extreme weather with substantial global ramifications and notable threats. It summarizes the effects of extreme weather events with substantial global on ES, identifies current research issues, and outlines future prospects. Research indicates that the impact of extreme weather events on ES is predominantly negative. Extreme weather affects ecological processes and human needs, subsequently influencing the supply-demand relationship and trade-offs between ES. The diversity of research methods is influenced by differences in research objectives and scales. The interaction of various extreme weather events and the complex coupling with human activities make the mechanisms of extreme weather events impact on ES more intricate. A deficiency exists in the systematic exploration of the dynamic characterization of supply-demand relationships and trade-off dynamics under the sway of extreme weather. Additionally, there is a paucity of research addressing the recovery processes and underlying mechanisms governing ecosystem services (ES) in the aftermath of extreme weather events. Additionally, there is a need for in-depth attention to the spatial scale characteristics of ES under the influence of extreme weather, which is crucial for understanding the mechanism of impacts.