Physical Factors Associated with Non-Specific Neck Pain: Correlations Among Pain, Disability, Posture, Endurance, and Compensatory Movement

Background: This study was conducted to investigate physical risk factors in patients with non-specific neck pain. The correlations among pain intensity, pressure pain threshold, range of motion (ROM), and disability index were analyzed in 50 patients with non-specific neck pain at a hospital in Korea. Material/Methods: We enrolled 50 patients diagnosed with non-specific neck pain by a doctor. All subjects were evaluated for pain intensity, pressure threshold, degree of disability, active range of motion (ROM) of the neck, upper cervical rotation ROM, muscular endurance of deep cervical flexor, compensatory movements for neck flexion, forward head posture, shoulder height difference, and rounded shoulder posture. The correlation between each variable was analyzed. Results: Pain intensity had a significant correlation between cervical rotation ROM, cervical flexion -rotation ROM, rounded shoulder posture, shoulder height difference, and forward head posture ( P <.05). There was a significant correlation between the pressure pain threshold and the cervical extension ROM, cervical flexion -rotation ROM, and rounded shoulder height ( P <.05). The disability index had a significant correlation between the cervical rotation ROM, cervical flexion -rotation ROM, rounded shoulder posture, and the compensatory movement of neck flexion ( P <.05). Conclusions: Physical risk factors for non-specific neck pain included cervical rotation ROM, upper cervical rotation ROM, rounded shoulder posture, shoulder height difference, and cervical flexion compensatory movements, which can affect pain intensity and pressure pain threshold.