Current Evidence for a Lung Cancer Screening Program

被引:2
作者
Guerreiro, Teresa [1 ]
Aguiar, Pedro [1 ,2 ]
Araujo, Antonio [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] NOVA Univ Lisbon, NOVA Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Lisbon, Portugal
[2] NOVA Univ Lisbon, Publ Hlth Res Ctr, Lisbon, Portugal
[3] CHUPorto, Univ Hosp Ctr Porto, Porto, Portugal
[4] Univ Porto, ICBAS Sch Med & Biomed Sci, UMIB Unit Multidisciplinary Res Biomed, Porto, Portugal
关键词
Lung cancer; Screening; Current evidence; Cancro do pulmã o; Rastreio; Evidê ncia atual; LOW-DOSE CT; THORACIC-SURGERY GUIDELINES; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY SCANS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; EARLY-DIAGNOSIS; AMERICAN ASSOCIATION; PULMONARY NODULES; BREAST-CANCER; EXPERT PANEL; TASK-FORCE;
D O I
10.1159/000538434
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background: Lung cancer screening is still in an early phase compared to other cancer screening programs, despite its high lethality particularly when diagnosed late. Achieving early diagnosis is crucial to obtain optimal outcomes. Summary: In this review, we will address the current evidence on lung cancer screening through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and its impact on mortality reduction, existing screening recommendations, patient eligibility criteria, screening frequency and duration, benefits and harms, cost-effectiveness and some insights on lung cancer screening implementation and adoption. Additionally, new non-imaging, noninvasive biomarkers with high diagnostic potential are also briefly highlighted. Key Messages: LDCT screening in a prespecified population based on age and smoking history proved to reduce lung cancer mortality. Optimization of the target population and management of LDCT pitfalls can further improve lung cancer screening efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Novel screening technologies and biomarkers being studied can potentially be game-changers in lung cancer screening and diagnosis. Introduçã o: O rastreio do cancro do pulmã o (CP) está ainda numa fase precoce quando comparado com outros programas de rastreio oncoló gico, nã o obstante a sua elevada letalidade, em particular quando diagnosticado tardiamente. O diagnó stico numa fase precoce é crucial para a obtençã o dos melhores resultados.Resumo: Esta revisã o irá abordar a evidê ncia atual sobre o rastreio CP atravé s de tomografia computorizada de baixa-dose (TCBD) e o seu impacto na reduçã o da mortalidade, as atuais recomendaçõ es para o rastreio, crité rios de elegibilidade dos doentes, frequê ncia e duraçã o do rastreio, benefí cios e riscos, custo-efetividade e alguma informaçã o disponí vel sobre a implementaçã o e adoçã o do rastreio do CP. Adicionalmente, sã o abordados novos biomarcadores nã o-imagioló gicos e nã o-invasivos com elevado potential de diagnó stico.Mensagens Chave: O rastreio por TCBD numa populaçã o pré-especificada com base na idade e carga tabá gica demonstrou reduzir a mortalidade por CP. A otimizaçã o da populaçã o-alvo e a gestã o dos riscos da TCBD pode melhorar a eficiê ncia e custo-efetividade do rastreio do CP. Novas tecnologias e biomarcadores, atualmente em estudo, poderã o vir a alterar significativamente o paradigma do rastreio e diagnó stico do CP.KeywordsCancro do pulmã o, Rastreio, Evidê ncia atual
引用
收藏
页码:133 / 158
页数:26
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