SMALL ANIMAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES: CHALLENGES AND ADVANCES IN VETERINARY MEDICINE

Small animal gastrointestinal diseases pose intricate challenges for veterinarians, encompassing a di- verse spectrum from common issues like gastritis to complex conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and neoplasia. This article reviews the diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of these diseases, focusing on recent advances. The diagnostic journey is often hindered by overlapping clinical signs, demanding a comprehensive approach. Cutting-edge imaging, endoscopy, and molecular diagnostics play pivotal roles in accurate disease identification. How- ever, challenges persist due to the variability in presentation and the limitations of available tests. Innovative diagnostic tools, including advanced imaging and biomarker identification, promise more accurate and efficient diagnoses. Meanwhile, immunotherapy and targeted therapies show potential in managing chronic conditions, emphasizing a shift towards precision medicine. Owner education emerges as a crucial aspect, as successful management relies on active Involvement. Strategies encompass clear communication, demonstrations of medication administration, and leveraging technology for ongoing support.