Ecological and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Groundwater within an Agricultural Ecosystem Using GIS and Multivariate Statistical Analysis (MSA): A Case Study of the Mnasra Region, Gharb Plain, Morocco

被引:2
|
作者
Sanad, Hatim [1 ,2 ]
Moussadek, Rachid [3 ]
Dakak, Houria [2 ]
Zouahri, Abdelmjid [2 ]
Lhaj, Majda Oueld [1 ,2 ]
Mouhir, Latifa [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hassan II Casablanca, Fac Sci & Technol Mohammedia, Lab Proc Engn & Environm, Mohammadia 28806, Morocco
[2] Natl Inst Agr Res, Reg Ctr Rabat, Res Unit Environm & Conservat Nat Resources, Ave Ennasr, Rabat 10101, Morocco
[3] Int Ctr Agr Res Dry Areas ICARDA, Rabat 10100, Morocco
关键词
groundwater quality; agriculture activities; heavy metals contamination; human health risk; ecological risk assessment; pollution indices; GIS techniques; statistical analysis; Morocco; WATER-QUALITY ASSESSMENT; RIVER; CONTAMINATION; INDEX; HYDROGEOCHEMISTRY; SEDIMENT; BASIN; LAKE;
D O I
10.3390/w16172417
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Assessing groundwater quality is essential for ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystems. This study evaluates groundwater contamination by heavy metals (HMs) using GIS approaches, multivariate statistical analysis (MSA), pollution indices (heavy metal pollution index (HPI), metal index (MI), degree of contamination (Cd), ecological risk index (ERI), and pollution index (PI)), and human health risk assessment (HHRA). The results revealed significant variations in heavy metal concentrations across the study area, with the highest concentrations found in the southern and southeastern parts, characterized by intense agricultural activities and uncontrolled landfills. Statistical analyses indicated both natural and anthropogenic sources of contamination. Pollution indices showed medium to high water pollution levels, with HPI values ranging from 20.23 to 128.60, MI values from 3.34 to 12.17, and Cd values from 2.90 to 11.73, indicating varying degrees of contamination. ERI values suggested a low ecological risk across all samples. However, health risk assessments highlighted significant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, particularly for children, with TCR values for some heavy metals like Ni and Cr exceeding safe limits, indicating potential health hazards. The findings provide a valuable framework for policymakers to develop targeted strategies for mitigating groundwater contamination and ensuring sustainable water quality management.
引用
收藏
页数:27
相关论文
共 15 条
  • [11] Assessment of the effects of anthropogenic activities on the El Arich groundwater using hydrogeochemistry, GIS and multivariate statistical techniques: A case study of the semi-arid Kasserine region, Tunisia
    Nsiri, Madiha
    Ben Brahim, Fatma
    Khlifi, Mahmoud
    Bouri, Salem
    ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT, 2022, 31 (04) : 261 - 281
  • [12] Groundwater-level risk assessment by using statistical and geographic information system (GIS) techniques: a case study in the Aosta Valley region, Italy
    Tiwari, Ashwani Kumar
    Nota, Nicole
    Marchionatti, Federico
    De Maio, Marina
    GEOMATICS NATURAL HAZARDS & RISK, 2017, 8 (02) : 1396 - 1406
  • [13] Sources evaluation and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals accumulated within a natural stream of Durgapur industrial zone, India, by using multivariate analysis and pollution indices
    K. K. Pobi
    S. Satpati
    S. Dutta
    S. Nayek
    R. N. Saha
    S. Gupta
    Applied Water Science, 2019, 9
  • [14] A study of hydrogeochemical processes using integrated geochemical and multivariate statistical methods and health risk assessment of groundwater in Trans-Varuna region, Uttar Pradesh
    Sughosh Madhav
    N. Janardhana Raju
    Arif Ahamad
    Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2021, 23 : 7480 - 7508
  • [15] Health risk assessment of heavy metals and predication of water quality indices with using Arc-GIS software: a case study of South Kerman Province
    Toolabi, Ali
    Tahergorabi, Mahsa
    Movahed, Ehsan
    Damaneh, Sajad Moghbely
    Damaneh, Fatemeh Moghbely
    Fanaei, Farzad
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 2025, 105 (05) : 1059 - 1082