Effects of Extreme Climatic Events on the Autumn Phenology in Northern China Are Related to Vegetation Types and Background Climates

被引:0
作者
Gao, Xinyue [1 ,2 ]
Tao, Zexing [2 ]
Dai, Junhu [2 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Qilu Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Tourism, Jinan 250200, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Land Surface Pattern & Simulat, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
[4] Chinese Acad Sci Higher Educ Commiss Pakistan, China Pakistan Joint Res Ctr Earth Sci, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
关键词
autumn phenology; extreme climate events; climate change; Northern China; LAND-SURFACE PHENOLOGY; LEAF SENESCENCE; IMPACTS; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; ECOSYSTEMS; DROUGHT; SEASON; PLANTS;
D O I
10.3390/rs16193724
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The increased intensity and frequency of extreme climate events (ECEs) have significantly impacted vegetation phenology, further profoundly affecting the structure and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, the mechanisms by which ECEs affect the end of the growing season (EOS), a crucial phenological phase, remain unclear. In this study, we first evaluated the temporal variations in the EOS anomalies in Northern China (NC) based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from 2001 to 2018. We then used event coincidence analysis (ECA) to assess the susceptibility of EOS to four ECEs (i.e., extreme heat, extreme cold, extreme wet and extreme dry events). Finally, we examined the dependence of the response of EOS to ECEs on background climate conditions. Our results indicated a slight decrease in the proportion of areas experiencing extreme heat and dry events (1.10% and 0.66% per year, respectively) and a slight increase in the proportion of areas experiencing extreme wet events (0.77% per year) during the preseason period. Additionally, EOS exhibited a delaying trend at a rate of 0.25 days/a during the study period. The susceptibility of EOS to ECEs was closely related to local hydrothermal conditions, with higher susceptibility to extreme dry and extreme hot events in drier and warmer areas and higher susceptibility to extreme cold and extreme wet events in wetter regions. Grasslands, in contrast to forests, were more sensitive to extreme dry, hot and cold events due to their weaker resistance to water deficits and cold stress. This study sheds light on how phenology responds to ECEs across various ecosystems and hydrothermal conditions. Our results could also provide a valuable guide for ecosystem management in arid regions.
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页数:17
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