Theoretical investigation of unsteady MHD flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid in porous medium: Applications of thermal radiations and nanoparticle

In this research, we investigated the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convective flow of Casson hybrid nanofluids over an oscillating plate, considering the effects of a porous medium and thermal radiation. These hybrid nanofluids, composed of multiple nanoparticles dispersed in a base fluid, offer advantages over single nanoparticle suspensions, including improved heat transfer properties and enhanced thermal conductivity. The study focused on Ag-Au/blood hybrid nanofluids across an oscillating plate. The drug-carrying fluid can navigate complex vascular structures effectively by using hybrid nanofluids e.g., silver and gold nanoparticles in blood. Also, by employing external magnetic fields to guide and concentrate the drug-carrying nanofluid to the target area. The Casson fluid, known for its elasticity behavior, is a non-Newtonian fluid with diverse applications in industrial and engineering sectors. Mathematically, we incorporated the Casson fluid model to express blood flow, accounting for convection, thermal radiation, and porous medium effects. By transforming the governing partial differential equations into dimensionless form using dimensionless parameters, we employed the Laplace transform method to find the exact solutions for velocity and temperature. Graphical analysis revealed that fluid velocity decreases with increasing magnetic field parameter but increases with Darcy parameter, Casson fluid parameter, Grashof number, nanoparticle concentration, and unsteady parameter. Additionally, the hybrid nanofluid temperature rises proportionally with the radiation parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction, and unsteady parameter.