Association Between Coronary Artery Disease and Herpes Zoster: A Cohort Study in Taiwan

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) and herpes zoster represent significant health burdens, and their potential interrelationships remain understudied. This cohort study aimed to address the existing knowledge gap by systematically exploring whether people with CAD are at increased risk for developing herpes zoster.Methods Using the 2006-2015 claims data of the National Health Insurance Program in Taiwan, we identified participants aged >= 20 years with a new diagnosis of CAD as the CAD group. We selected sex- and age-matched participants without CAD as the non-CAD group. The incidence rate of herpes zoster at the end of follow-up was calculated. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to measure the hazard ratio and 95% CI for herpes zoster associated with covariables.Results The overall incidence rate of herpes zoster was 1.14-fold greater in the CAD group as compared with the non-CAD group (6.52 vs 5.74 per 1000 person-years; 95% CI, 1.08-1.20). After controlling for covariables, the adjusted hazard ratio of herpes zoster was 1.21 (95% CI, 1.14-1.27) for the CAD group as compared with the non-CAD group.Conclusions This cohort study provides valuable insights into the potential association between CAD and the risk of developing herpes zoster. The findings may have implications for preventive strategies of herpes zoster in people with CAD. Further research and collaboration with diverse groups will be critical to validate and extend our findings.