A Chirped Characteristic-Tunable Terahertz Source for Terahertz Sensing

In broadband terahertz waves generated by femtosecond lasers, spatial chirp will be simultaneously produced with the introduction of angular dispersion. The chirp characteristics of the terahertz wave will directly affect the frequency response, bandwidth response, and intensity response of the terahertz sensor. To enhance the capability of terahertz sensors, it is necessary to control and improve the chirped characteristics of broadband terahertz sources. We generate a chirped terahertz wave via optical rectification in a LiNbO3 prism using the technique of pulse front tilt. The effect of the pump-beam spot size on THz generation is systematically studied. The pump's spot size is manipulated using a telescope system. With a pump spot diameter of 1.8 mm, the scanning spectrum of the THz pulse is narrower and is divided into multiple distinct peaks. In contrast, using a pump spot diameter of 3.7 mm leads to increased efficiency in the generation of THz pulses. Also, we investigate the underlying properties governing the generation of chirped terahertz pulses using varying pump pulse spot diameters.