Green Solution Processing of Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: Status and Future Directions

Halide perovskite solar cells have achieved impressive efficiencies above 26%, making them a promising technology for the future of solar energy. However, the current fabrication methods rely on highly toxic solvents, which pose significant safety and environmental hazards. It is crucial to develop greener and safer alternatives to these solvents to facilitate the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. In this review, the safety and hazard evaluations of conventional toxic solvents and discuss the selection criteria for solvents that affect the morphology, nucleation, crystallization, and performance of perovskite solar cells. Furthermore, recent research into green solvent alternatives is evaluated and their properties are compared to those of commonly used solvents. In this review, fundamental insights are provided into the progress and challenges of green-solution processing of perovskite solar cells, which will be essential for advancing this technology toward commercialization. In this review, the transition to green solvent systems for halide perovskite solar cells, addressing the toxicity of conventional solvents, is explored. Herein, the selection criteria for solvents are evaluated and recent advancements in green solvent research are highlighted, aiming to balance environmental safety with high efficiency and stability of solar cells, ultimately facilitating their commercial viability.image (c) 2024 WILEY-VCH GmbH