Repetitive Subconcussive Head Impacts in Sports and Their Impact on Brain Anatomy and Function: A Systematic Review

被引:0
|
作者
Hack, Lukas [1 ,2 ]
Singh, Bhagyashree [1 ]
Binkofski, Ferdinand [3 ]
Helmich, Ingo [1 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] German Sport Univ Cologne, Dept Motor Behav Sports, Cologne, Germany
[2] Univ Hamburg, Dept Human Movement Sci, Hamburg, Germany
[3] Univ Hosp RWTH Aachen, Clin Cognit Sci, Aachen, Germany
[4] Smith Coll, Dept Exercise & Sport Studies, Northampton, MA USA
[5] German Sport Univ Cologne, Dept Neurol Psychosomat Med & Psychiat, Cologne, Germany
关键词
neurodegeneration; repetitive head impacts; brain injury; concussion; contact sports; HIGH-SCHOOL FOOTBALL; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; COMPRESSION COLLAR; COLLISION SPORTS; CONCUSSION; EXPOSURE; SEASON; CONTACT; MICROSTRUCTURE; ABNORMALITIES;
D O I
10.1055/a-2342-3604
中图分类号
G8 [体育];
学科分类号
04 ; 0403 ;
摘要
Repetitive subconcussive head impacts occur regularly in sports. However, the exact relationship between their biomechanical properties and their consequences on brain structure and function has not been clarified yet. We therefore reviewed prospective cohort studies that objectively reported the biomechanical characteristics of repetitive subconcussive head impacts and their impact on brain anatomy and function. Only studies with a pre- to post-measurement design were included. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Structural white matter alterations, such as reduced fractional anisotropy and an increase in mean diffusivity values, seem to be evident in athletes exposed to repetitive subconcussive head impacts exceeding 10 g. Such changes are observable after only one season of play. Furthermore, a dose-response relationship exists between white matter abnormalities and the total number of subconcussive head impacts. However, functional changes after repetitive subconcussive head impacts remain inconclusive. We therefore conclude that repetitive subconcussive head impacts induce structural changes, but thus far without overt functional changes.
引用
收藏
页码:871 / 883
页数:13
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