Impacts of pharmacist-led multi-faceted antimicrobial stewardship on antibiotic use and clinical outcomes in urology department of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China: an interrupted time-series study

Background: Research on the effectiveness of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) in the urology department is limited. Aim: To evaluate the impact of pharmacist-led multi-faceted ASPs on antibiotic use and clinical outcomes. Methods: A prescription review of inpatients receiving one or more antibiotics in the urology department of a large teaching hospital in Guangzhou, China, was conducted from April 2019 to March 2023. The pharmacist-led multi-faceted ASP intervention included guideline development, training, medication consultation, review of medical orders, indicator monitoring, and consultation. The primary outcome was antibiotic consumption. The data were analysed using interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis. Findings: Following the implementation of ASPs, an immediate decrease was observed in total antibiotic consumption, antibiotic use rate, second-generation cephalosporins, thirdgeneration cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and WHO Watch category antibiotics. No differences were observed in mortality rate before and after the intervention, and no significant short- or long-term effects were found on length of hospital stay (LOS) using ITS. However, there was a significant short-term effect on average antibiotic cost. Conclusion: The implementation of pharmacist-led multi-faceted ASPs had positive impacts on reducing antimicrobial consumption without increasing LOS, antibiotic cost, or mortality rate. <feminine ordinal indicator> 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Healthcare Infection Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).