Impact of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: The mortality impact of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remains uncertain. Methods: A meta-analysis comparing mortality in ESRD patients on PD versus HD was conducted, including 9 studies with 7556 HD and 2651 PD patients. Results: No significant difference was found in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular-related mortality, or infection-related mortality between HD and PD patients. Hemoglobin, ferritin, and iron levels were similar in groups, but HD patients had higher albumin and BUN levels (p < 0.05). Regarding cardiovascular factors and bone minerals, total cholesterol and LDL levels were significantly lower, and calcium levels were significantly higher in the HD group compared with the PD group (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Mortality does not significantly differ between HD and PD in ESRD patients, though HD is linked to higher serum albumin levels and lower levels of total cholesterol and LDL.