Managing cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease: pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in the Copenhagen CKD Cohort

被引:0
作者
Ballegaard, Ellen Linnea Freese [1 ,2 ]
Carlson, Nicholas [1 ]
Jorgensen, Morten Buus [1 ]
Sorensen, Ida Maria Hjelm [1 ]
Trankjaer, Helene [1 ]
Almarsdottir, Anna Birna [3 ]
Bro, Susanne [1 ]
Feldt-Rasmussen, Bo [1 ,2 ]
Kamper, Anne-Lise [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Nephrol, Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark
[2] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Clin Med, Copenhagen, Denmark
[3] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Dept Pharm, Copenhagen, Denmark
关键词
adherence; blood pressure; cardiovascular; chronic kidney disease; dyslipidemia; BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL; DRUG ADHERENCE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; HYPERTENSION; PROGRESSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; SOCIETY;
D O I
10.1093/ckj/sfae158
中图分类号
R5 [内科学]; R69 [泌尿科学(泌尿生殖系疾病)];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Background. Although cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are substantial in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), guideline-directed treatment of cardiovascular risk factors remains a challenge. Methods. Observational, cross-sectional study including patients aged 30-75 years with CKD stage 1-5 without kidney replacement therapy from a tertiary hospital outpatient clinic. Data were obtained through patient interview, clinical examination, biochemical work-up, and evaluation of medical records and prescription redemptions. Guideline-directed treatment was evaluated as pharmacological interventions: antihypertensive and lipid-lowering therapy including adverse effects and adherence estimated as medication possession ratio (MPR); and non-pharmacological interventions: smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity. Results. The cohort comprised 741 patients, mean age 58 years, 61.4% male, 50.6% CKD stage 3, 61.0% office blood pressure <= 140/90 mmHg. Antihypertensives were prescribed to 87.0%, median number of medications 2 (IQR 1;3), 70.1% received renin-angiotensin system inhibition, 25.9% reported adverse effects. Non-adherence (MPR < 80%) was present in 23.4% and associated with elevated blood pressure (OR 1.53 (95% CI 1.03;2.27)) and increased urinary albumin excretion, P < 0.001. Lipid-lowering treatment was prescribed to 54.0% of eligible patients, 11.1% reported adverse effects, and 28.5% were non-adherent, which was associated with higher LDL cholesterol, P = 0.036. Overall, 19.2% were current smokers, 16.7% overconsumed alcohol according to Danish health authority recommendations 69.3% had BMI >= 25 kg/m(2), and 38.3% were physically active <4 hours/week. Among patients prescribed antihypertensives, 51.9% reported having received advice on non-pharmacological interventions. Conclusions. Improved management of cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD entails intensified medical treatment and increased focus on patient adherence and non-pharmacological interventions.
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页数:10
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