STUDYING POSSIBLE TRANSFORMATIONS OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ABSORBED INTO THE SOIL

Soils saturated with oil undergo different transformations depending on the amount and composition of the pollutant. This applies to changes in both the structure of the soil and the component composition of oil. Fluctuating oil- soil mixture ratios, especially long-term environmental influences, influence these changes significant synergistic effect. At the same time, the presence of a large amount of oil creates favorable conditions for its structural changes. It is important to take these changes into account when developing effective technologies for the rehabilitation of oil-contaminated soils. It is known that the remediation of oil-contaminated soils and the study of the possibility of its reuse have always been the focus of attention of researchers working in this area. However, in these studies, mixtures with low oil content (up to 3%), usually artificially prepared, were used as research objects. At the same time, both the presence of high quantities of oil in the mixture and the changes that occur during prolonged exposure to natural phenomena on these mixtures were not taken into account. The presented work discusses the results of a study of soil samples with a high content of oil fractions, which were exposed to natural influences for a long time under natural conditions. As a result of the study, it was established that oil hydrocarbons that have saturated soils in large quantities, under the influence of the environment, undergo structural changes, in particular agglomeration, with the formation of longer hydrocarbon chains and indestructible complexes, which should be taken into account when developing methods for cleaning soils from oil pollution