2D ordered porous VO2-based composite film with enhanced thermochromism performance and high stability for smart windows

Thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO2) 2 ) can autonomously adjust near-infrared light transmittance in response to the external temperature changes, offering a significant reduction in building energy consumption when applied it in smart window. However, it is a big challenge for simultaneous optimization of visible light transmittance, solar modulation ability, and stability in VO2. 2 . To address such a big challenge, this study successfully prepared a 2D ordered porous VO2@Zn3V3O8 2 @Zn 3 V 3 O 8 composite film. The as-obtained film exhibits exceptional optical performance with a visible light transmittance (Tlum) T lum ) of 62.75 % and the solar modulation ability (OTsol) O T sol ) of 10.62 %, based on the anti-reflective effects of porous structure and the localized surface plasma resonance (LSPR) absorption of independently distributed VO2 2 nanoparticles. In addition, the composite structural film showcases excellent environmental durability that 80 % of O T sol could be retained after 30 days aging under the conditions of 50 % humidity and 100 degrees C. This work propels the practical application of VO2 2 smart windows and offers valuable insights for the design of composite structures.