Analysis of forest fragmentation in the Atlantic forest of Sergipe, Brazil

The aim of this study was to analyze the structure of the forest cover of Sergipe's Atlantic Forest from 2001 to 2021 using landscape ecology indices. To do this, the forest fragments from 2001 and 2021 were mapped using images obtained from the Mapbiomas 7.0 project. Landscape metrics were calculated using Patch Analyst (ArcGis 9.3). The results show that the forest formation (FF) and mangrove (MA) classes increased forest cover, large fragments and fragment connectivity. These two classes are largely located in protected areas or Permanent Preservation Areas. The savannah formation (FS) and grassland formation (FC) classes showed degradation from 2001 to 2021, with loss of area, fragmentation of large fragments into smaller ones, greater isolation and edge effect with loss of central area. Deforestation in these classes may result from the flat relief, open canopy, and stratum, which are grassy plants with a good aptitude for agriculture. However, the proposed forest restoration programs in FC and FS presents a significant opportunity for positive change, inspiring us to work towards a more sustainable future.