The Application of Photobiomodulation and Stem Cells Seeded on the Scaffold Accelerates the Wound Healing Process in Mice

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to test the impact of seeding a hydrogel chitosan scaffold (HCS) with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) under the influence of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the remodeling step on the wound repairing process in mice. Methods: Thirty mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6 per group ): The control group (group 1) consisted of mice without any intervention. In group 2, an HCS was implanted into the wound. In group 3, a combination of HCS + hADSC was inserted into the wound. In group 4, an HCS was inserted into the wound and PBM was applied. In group 5, a combination of HCS + hADSCs was inserted into the wound, followed by PBM treatment. Results: Improvements in the injury closing rate (WCR) and microbial flora were observed in all groups. However, the highest WCRs were observed in group s 5, 4, 3, and 2 (all P values were 0.000). Groups 3-5 showed increased wound strength compared to group s 1 and 2, with group 2 demonstrating better results than group 1 (P P values ranged from 0.000 to 0.013). Although group s 3-5 showed increases in certain stereological elements compared to group s 1 and 2, group 2 exhibited superior results in comparison with group 1 (P P values ranged from 0.000 to 0.049). Conclusion: The joined use of HCS + hADSCs + PBM significantly accelerated the wound healing process during the maturation phase in healthy mice. This approach demonstrated superior wound healing compared to the use of HCS alone, hADSCs + HCS, or PBM + HCS. The findings suggest an additive effect when HCS + hADSCs + PBM are combined.