In-Plane Crashworthiness of Gradient Curved-Walled Honeycombs: Experimental, Numerical Simulation, and Theoretical Analysis

Honeycombs are widely used in engineering protection, while the gap between peak and mean stresses remains to be narrowed, and the interaction effects among walls are weak. To break these limits, gradient curved-walled honeycombs have been proposed recently. However, their in-plane crashworthiness has never been studied, which restricts the actual applications in complex load environment. For this purpose, this article adopts experiments, finite-element simulations, and theoretical analysis to reveal in-plane crash performance of gradient curved-walled honeycombs. Quasistatic and dynamic experiments are carried out for 3D-printed honeycomb specimens made of 316L stainless steel, and numerical simulations are conducted by ABAQUS/Explicit. Compared to traditional straight- and curved-walled honeycombs, gradient curved-walled honeycombs display stabler deformation mode and more efficient mechanical response. Their EA and SEA are respectively 25.5% and 6.4% larger than straight-walled honeycombs, and their energy absorption and force efficiencies are nearly 2.4 and 5.3 times larger, respectively. On this basis, plastic hinge model with high accuracy has been established, to derive the analytical solutions of their force-displacement relations. This work extends the comprehensive properties and application prospects of gradient curved-walled honeycombs and sets an example to develop plastic hinge analysis with effective simplification and desirable accuracy on complex-shaped structures. This article adopts experiments, finite-element simulations, and theoretical analysis to reveal in-plane crash performance of gradient curved-walled honeycombs, which display stable deformation mode and more efficient mechanical response.image (c) 2024 WILEY-VCH GmbH