A serial mediation model relationship among input, process, and research performance: the role of output, productivity, and outcome

The study aims to investigate the mediating role of output, productivity, and outcome variables in the relationship between input or process variables and research performance. By examining how these variables interact, the study aims to enhance our understanding of the factors that influence research performance. This role was investigated using the bootstrap method to calculate the indirect effects of the four developed models. Furthermore, the Hayes' Process macro SPSS Model 6 was applied to process the results of surveys and investigations of 150 research directors at Indonesian universities. The experience of these directors in conducting and managing research in the universities was used as high-quality and accurate information. The results showed the output, productivity, and outcome variables act as partial mediators in the relationship between inputs and processes on research performance. Therefore, this study theoretically and practically contributes to the implementation of policies in evaluating research performance in universities institutionally, nationally, and globally. IMPACT STATEMENT A comprehensive approach is urgently needed to improve the research performance evaluation system at universities in Indonesia. The current evaluation system is considered not to reflect current policies and conditions. To deal with the problem, a study is needed to identify the variables that influence research performance in higher education, including indicators that reflect these variables. Studies are also needed to investigate the relationship between these variables to better understand how they interact to optimize research performance in the university environment. Therefore the instrument needs to be reformulated, including to facilitate institutional diversity in the evaluation process. This study will contribute to both theoretical and practical aspects, including policy implementation in planning research programs in tertiary institutions at the institutional, national, and global levels, as well as policymakers in implementing a better research evaluation system.