On the Optimal Initial Inner-Core Size for Tropical Cyclone Intensification: An Idealized Numerical Study

被引:1
作者
Fei, Rong [1 ,2 ]
Wang, Yuqing [3 ]
机构
[1] Wuxi Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci & Remote Sensing, Wuxi 214105, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Atmospher Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
tropical cyclones; intensification; inner-core size; idealized simulations; SURFACE EXCHANGE COEFFICIENTS; PART II; BOUNDARY-LAYER; INTENSITY; DYNAMICS;
D O I
10.1007/s00376-024-3296-6
中图分类号
P4 [大气科学(气象学)];
学科分类号
0706 ; 070601 ;
摘要
Recent observational and numerical studies have revealed the dependence of the intensification rate on the inner-core size of tropical cyclones (TCs). In this study, with the initial inner-core size (i.e., the radius of maximum wind-RMW) varied from 20-180 km in idealized simulations using two different numerical models, we found a nonmonotonic dependence of the lifetime maximum intensification rate (LMIR) on the inner-core size. Namely, there is an optimal inner-core size for the LMIR of a TC. Tangential wind budget analysis shows that, compared to large TCs, small TCs have large inward flux of absolute vorticity due to large absolute vorticity inside the RMW. However, small TCs also suffer from strong lateral diffusion across the eyewall, which partly offsets the positive contribution from large inward flux of absolute vorticity. These two competing processes ultimately lead to the TC with an intermediate initial inner-core size having the largest LMIR. Results from sensitivity experiments show that the optimal size varies in the range of 40-120 km and increases with higher sea surface temperature, lower latitude, larger horizontal mixing length, and weaker initial TC intensity. The 40-120 km RMW corresponds to the inner-core size most commonly found for intensifying TCs in observations, suggesting the natural selection of initial TC size for intensification. This study highlights the importance of accurate representation of TC inner-core size to TC intensity forecasts by numerical weather prediction models.
引用
收藏
页码:2141 / 2155
页数:15
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