A Multiparty Efficient Semi-quantum Secret Sharing Protocol of Specific Bits

Recently, Tian et al. [22] introduced a protocol enabling quantum Alice to securely share a specific secret with classical Bob and Charlie using Bell states. In this protocol, Alice has full control over the shared secret message and the percentage of detection qubits, resulting in remarkable efficiency compared to existing approaches. However, the protocol has two main limitations: Firstly, it is restricted to only two participants. Secondly, the proposed approach suggests using photon number splitter (PNS) and wavelength filter (WF) to address Trojan horse attacks, which deviates from the fundamental purpose of semi-quantum cryptography. In this study, we propose a generalization of the protocol of Tian et al. [22] to accommodate n classical parties. Additionally, we demonstrate that this new protocol is robust against the Trojan horse attacks without the need for costly quantum devices, aligning with the original intent of the semi-quantum environment. Moreover, we offer a succinct summary of semi-quantum secret sharing, discussing the different challenges and domain-specific concerns, and presenting potential research avenues for further investigation.