Differences in Static and Dynamic Resting-State Functional Connectivity between Migraineurs with and without Photophobia, without Phonophobia or Osmophobia

Background: We have previously shown that static and dynamic resting-state functional connectivity differ between migraineurs with and without photophobia, phonophobia, or osmophobia. Furthermore, some patients with photophobia also experience phonophobia or osmophobia. To investigate the functional connectivity specific to migraineurs with photophobia, we examined the differences in static and dynamic resting-state functional connectivity between patients with and without photophobia, with no phonophobia or osmophobia. Methods: Fifteen migraineurs with photophobia but without phonophobia or osmophobia, as well as 15 sex- and age-matched migraineurs without photophobia, phonophobia, or osmophobia, underwent 3-T functional magnetic resonance imaging during the interictal phase. Static and dynamic resting-state functional connectivity were compared using region-of-interest analyses of 91 cortical, 15 subcortical, and 26 cerebellar areas. Results: Static resting-state functional connectivity analysis revealed ten significant connectivity pairs in patients with photophobia, while dynamic resting-state functional connectivity analysis revealed six significant connectivity pairs in patients with photophobia. Migraineurs with photophobia had significantly lower connectivity between the cerebellar hemisphere and the temporal region than those without photophobia in both static and dynamic studies. Conclusions: Our results show that lower resting-state functional connectivity between the cerebellar hemisphere and the temporal region is specific to migraineurs with photophobia.