Preparation and In vitro release of Isoniazid and Rifampicin loaded nanoparticles

Objective(s): Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world and requires novel medications or existing ones should be improved. Nanotechnology is a modern science that helps to avoid adverse reactions and resistance to drugs. The current regimen for standard therapy calls for routine administration of medications over six months. Since the noncompliance of patients and the emergence of drug-resistant strains, therapies become more challenging. The objective of the current study was to develop Isoniazid-Rifampicin-loaded (INH-RIF-NPs) nanoparticles to improve release properties and drug encapsulation efficiency. Materials and Methods: Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used for optimizing the nanoparticles. Eudragit was used in the preparations in varying concentrations (1-2% w/v). The compatibility of the drug and excipients was shown. The existence of the nanoparticles was confirmed by the analytical results of the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results: The optimized nanoparticles showed no drug-polymer interaction. The mean size of the INH-RIFNPs was around 112 +/- 8.73 nm, and they were sphere-like, smooth, fairly uniform in size, and well-dispersed, and entrapment efficiencies were high at 98.7 +/- 0.68%. Drug release was slow and sustained with 66.91% INH cumulative release and 80.06 of RFP after 24 hr. Conclusion: Significant drug uptake with higher encapsulation efficiency, uniform size, good dispersion, and prolonged release characteristics are all present in INH-RIF-NPs. This suggests the existence of a delivery system capable of effectively encapsulating and delivery of combined drug formulation in polymeric nanoparticles.