Historical Immigration Policies: Trends and Lessons

被引:0
作者
Peters, Margaret E. [1 ]
Borang, Frida [2 ]
Kalm, Sara [3 ]
Lindvall, Johannes [4 ]
Shin, Adrian J. [5 ]
机构
[1] UCLA, Polit Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[2] Univ Gothenburg, Polit Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden
[3] Lund Univ, Polit Sci, Lund, Sweden
[4] Univ Gothenburg, August Rohss Prof Polit Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden
[5] Univ Colorado, Polit Sci, Boulder, CO USA
基金
瑞典研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Immigration; immigrant rights; refugee; asylum seeker; historical political economy; MIGRATION; LAW; MIGRANTS; POLITICS; RIGHTS; TRADE; ERA;
D O I
10.1093/isq/sqae084
中图分类号
D81 [国际关系];
学科分类号
030207 ;
摘要
In recent years, scholars of migration have created several new immigration policy indexes, but most existing databases have limited temporal scope. They also focus, to a large extent, on the Global North. In this research note, we introduce the Historical Immigration Policy dataset (HIP), which begins to fill these gaps. We first provide an overview of the data and then describe how they offer new insights into immigration policy. We make three empirical observations. (1) On average, democracies are less open to immigration than authoritarian states but grant resident migrants more rights. (2) European states were open to immigration earlier than standard accounts of global migration assume. (3) Historically, openness to immigration and inclusive rights for resident migrants have often been complements, not substitutes. En los & uacute;ltimos a & ntilde;os, los acad & eacute;micos en el campo de la migraci & oacute;n han creado varios & iacute;ndices nuevos referentes a pol & iacute;ticas de inmigraci & oacute;n. Sin embargo, la mayor & iacute;a de las bases de datos existentes tienen un alcance temporal limitado. Adem & aacute;s, los acad & eacute;micos tienden a centrarse, mayoritariamente, en el norte global. En esta nota de investigaci & oacute;n, presentamos el conjunto de datos de la Pol & iacute;tica Hist & oacute;rica en materia de Inmigraci & oacute;n (HIP, por sus siglas en ingl & eacute;s), que representa un primer paso para llenar estos vac & iacute;os. En primer lugar, proporcionamos una visi & oacute;n general de los datos. A continuaci & oacute;n, describimos c & oacute;mo estos ofrecen nuevas perspectivas sobre la pol & iacute;tica de inmigraci & oacute;n. Realizamos tres observaciones emp & iacute;ricas: (1) Como norma general, las democracias est & aacute;n menos abiertas a la inmigraci & oacute;n que los Estados autoritarios, pero otorgan m & aacute;s derechos a los migrantes residentes. (2) Los Estados europeos estaban abiertos a la inmigraci & oacute;n antes de lo que suponen los relatos habituales en materia de migraci & oacute;n mundial. (3) Hist & oacute;ricamente, la apertura a la inmigraci & oacute;n y los derechos inclusivos de los migrantes residentes han sido, con frecuencia, complementarios y no sustitutivos entre ellos. Ces derni & egrave;res ann & eacute;es, les chercheurs qui travaillent sur les migrations ont cr & eacute;& eacute; plusieurs nouveaux index de politiques d'immigration, mais la port & eacute;e temporelle de la plupart des bases de donn & eacute;es est limit & eacute;e. Elles se concentrent aussi en grande partie sur les pays du Nord. Dans cette note de recherche, nous pr & eacute;sentons l'ensemble de donn & eacute;es Historical Immigration Policy (HIP, ou Politique d'immigration historique), qui commence & agrave; combler ces lacunes. D'abord, nous proposons un aper & ccedil;u des donn & eacute;es, puis nous d & eacute;crivons comment celles-ci offrent de nouveaux renseignements concernant la politique d'immigration. Nous formulons trois observations empiriques. (1) En moyenne, les d & eacute;mocraties sont moins ouvertes & agrave; l'immigration que les & Eacute;tats autoritaires, mais accordent davantage de droits aux migrants r & eacute;sidents. (2) Les & Eacute;tats europ & eacute;ens se sont ouverts & agrave; l'immigration plus t & ocirc;t que le supposent les r & eacute;cits habituels sur les migrations mondiales. (3) D'un point de vue historique, l'ouverture & agrave; l'immigration et les droits inclusifs des migrants r & eacute;sidents se compl & egrave;tent souvent, au lieu de se substituer.
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