Global Variation in Escherichia coli mcr-1 Genes and Plasmids from Animal and Human Genomes Following Colistin Usage Restrictions in Livestock

被引:0
作者
Garcias, Biel [1 ]
Flores, Mayra Alejandra [1 ]
Fernandez, Mercedes [1 ]
Monteith, William [2 ]
Pascoe, Ben [2 ]
Sheppard, Samuel K. [2 ]
Martin, Marga [1 ]
Cortey, Marti [1 ]
Darwich, Laila [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Autonoma Barcelona UAB, Vet Fac, Dept Sanitat & Anat Anim, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain
[2] Univ Oxford, Dept Biol, South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3RE, England
来源
ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL | 2024年 / 13卷 / 08期
关键词
antimicrobial resistance; colistin; mcr-1; ISApl1; promoter variants; fitness cost; Escherichia coli; RESISTANCE; MCR-1; CHINA; DYNAMICS; PREVALENCE; MECHANISMS;
D O I
10.3390/antibiotics13080759
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health threat, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial clones becoming a major concern. Polymyxins, especially colistin, have reemerged as last-resort treatments for MDR Gram-negative infections. However, colistin use in livestock has spread mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes, notably mcr-1, impacting human health. In consequence, its livestock use was banned in 2017, originating a natural experiment to study bacterial adaptation. The aim of this work was to analyse the changes in the mcr-1 genetic background after colistin restriction across the world. This study analyses 3163 Escherichia coli genomes with the mcr-1 gene from human and livestock hosts, mainly from Asia (n = 2621) and Europe (n = 359). Genetic characterisation identifies IncI2 (40.4%), IncX4 (26.7%), and multidrug-resistant IncHI2 (18.8%) as the most common plasmids carrying mcr-1. There were differences in plasmids between continents, with IncX4 (56.6%) being the most common in Europe, while IncI2 (44.8%) was predominant in Asia. Promoter variants related to reduced fitness costs and ISApl1 showed a distinct pattern of association that appears to be associated with adaptation to colistin restriction, which differed between continents. Thus, after the colistin ban, Europe saw a shift to specialised mcr-1 plasmids as IncX4, while ISApl1 decreased in Asia due to changes in the prevalence of the distinct promoter variants. These analyses illustrate the evolution of mcr-1 adaptation following colistin use restrictions and the need for region-specific strategies against AMR following colistin restrictions.
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