Improved Quantum Identity Authentication Protocol Based on Quantum Secure Direct Communication

Quantum identity authentication protocols are designed to address the security weaknesses existing in traditional identity authentication protocols, such as cryptographic attacks and impersonation. Arindam et al. proposed a quantum authentication protocol based on ping-pong technology. This paper is inspired by the work of Arindam et al., an improved quantum identity authentication protocol based on quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) which utilizes the principle that qubits cannot be cloned to realize the secure transmission of qubits sequences is proposed. The authentication process between the two sides of the communication is implemented by ping-pong technology. With longer authentication code and richer measurement bases, the security of our protocol is strengthened. Moreover, the proposed protocol is based on single-particle sequence, it has better operability and simple implementation. Finally, we analyze two cases of attacks against the authentication process, to show whether it is for eavesdropper attack of forged identity or stealing authentication code and then sending attack, the protocol proposed has higher security.