Inflammation and all-cause mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate inflammatory biomarkers in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and investigate their association with all-cause mortality or transfer to hemodialysis. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 43 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Plasma levels of cytokines were measured using flow cytometry and capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Biomarkers were categorized based on their respective median values. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, considering two outcomes: all-cause mortality and transfer to hemodialysis. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, plasma levels above the median of the levels of CCL2 and plasma, as well as below the median of TNF-alpha, alpha, and the median of dialysate IL-17 levels, were associated with an increased risk of experiencing the specified outcomes after approximately 16 months of follow-up. Conclusion: These findings suggest that inflammatory biomarkers may be a valuable tool for predicting all- cause mortality and transfer to hemodialysis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.