The unpopular (manosphere) men of popular feminism

This article draws from Stuart Hall and Sarah Banet-Weiser to examine how 'orthodox' and 'dissident' popular feminist literature cite the manosphere to reflect and (re)produce cultural norms about men, masculinity and, politically pressingly, the possible relations men can have with feminism. While orthodox feminism represents men as patriarchal threats to the realization of a feminist social order, dissident feminism represents men as natural threats to women and criticizes other feminists for refusing to accept the 'reality' that men and women are 'naturally' different. Despite this difference, each contributes to a feminist culture in which it is both 'popular' to extract insights about man as a general social category by making use of the manosphere, and in which the idea that men and feminism are necessarily antagonistic is central. Each participates, in other words, in a representational project wherein 'man' poses a fundamental threat to 'woman'.