Benefits of strength and resistance exercise in cancer patients: a systematic review of clinical trials

Objectives: This review aims to provide a thorough examination of the impact of strength and resistance training on cancer patients, specifically addressing quality of life, cancer- related fatigue, and physical and psychological function. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate the methodological rigor of existing studies and identify areas for future research. Methods: A systematic review of clinical trials, according to PRISMA 2020 criteria, of PubMed, LILACS, and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify relevant articles published between 2019 and 2024. Studies assessing the effects of resistance training on cancer patients' outcomes and available in English or Spanish were included. Data synthesis and analysis were performed to summarize key findings and assess the overall quality of evidence. Results: The findings consistently demonstrated the positive effects of resistance training on enhancing quality of life and mitigating cancer-related fatigue across different situations. However, methodological variability and limitations, such as small sample sizes and intervention heterogeneity, were noted, highlighting the need for standardized protocols and larger-scale trials. Conclusion: This review underscores the potential of strength and resistance training as a valuable adjunctive therapy for cancer patients, emphasizing its role in improving both physical and psychological.