Nerolidol- Potential Therapeutic Agent for Various Neurological Disorders via its Antioxidative Property

Neurological disorders are devastating conditions affecting both cognitive and motor-related functions in aged people. Yet there is no proper medication to treat these illnesses, and the currently available medications can only provide symptomatic relief to the patients. All neurological disorders share the same etiology, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurochemical deficiency, neuronal loss, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuroinflammation, and disease-related protein aggregation. Nowadays, researchers use antioxidant-based strategies to prevent or halt the disease progression. Nerolidol, a strong antioxidant, possesses various biological activities and properties that treat cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and many other diseases. Many recent publications and research studies highlight the beneficial effect of nerolidol on brain disorders. In Alzheimer's disease, nerolidol shows neuroprotection by decreasing amyloid plaque formation, lipid peroxidation, cholinergic neuronal loss, locomotor dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and hippocampal damage via enhancing antioxidant expression. Also, it shows neuroprotection against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglial activation. Another study reported that nerolidol shows antiepileptic effects in animal models by suppressing kindling-induced memory impairment by decreasing oxidative stress. It has been found that NRL administration increases the antioxidant levels, decreasing the pro-inflammatory cytokine release as well as decreasing the apoptotic protein and cerebral infarct size. In conclusion, nerolidol tends to reverse the harmful effects of disease-related factors, including OS, neuroinflammation, protein aggregation, and apoptosis, making nerolidol a choiceable drug for the management of neurological disorders. The purpose of this review is to discuss the mechanism of nerolidol in treating various neurological disorders.