Characterization of structure and mixing in nanoparticle hetero-aggregates using convolutional neural networks: 3D-reconstruction versus 2D-projection

被引:1
作者
Mahr, Christoph [1 ,2 ]
Stahl, Jakob [3 ,4 ]
Gerken, Beeke [1 ,2 ]
Krause, Florian F. [1 ,2 ]
Schowalter, Marco [1 ,2 ]
Grieb, Tim [1 ,2 ]
Maedler, Lutz [3 ,4 ]
Rosenauer, Andreas [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bremen, Inst Solid State Phys, Otto Hahn Allee 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
[2] Univ Bremen, MAPEX Ctr Mat & Proc, Bibliothekstr 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
[3] Univ Bremen, Fac Prod Engn, Particles & Proc Engn, Badgasteiner Str 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
[4] Leibniz Inst Mat Engn IWT, Badgasteiner Str 3, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
关键词
Hetero-aggregate; Nanoparticle mixing; Scanning transmission electron microscopy; Convolutional neural networks; Tomography; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION; Z-CONTRAST; ELECTRON; DIMENSIONS; THICKNESS; CLUSTERS;
D O I
10.1016/j.ultramic.2024.114020
中图分类号
TH742 [显微镜];
学科分类号
摘要
Structural and chemical characterization of nanomaterials provides important information for understanding their functional properties. Nanomaterials with characteristic structure sizes in the nanometer range can be characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). In conventional STEM, two-dimensional (2D) projection images of the samples are acquired, information about the third dimension is lost. This drawback can be overcome by STEM tomography, where the three-dimensional (3D) structure is reconstructed from a series of projection images acquired using various projection directions. However, 3D measurements are expensive with respect to acquisition and evaluation time. Furthermore, the method is hardly applicable to beam-sensitive materials, i.e. samples that degrade under the electron beam. For this reason, it is desirable to know whether sufficient information on structural and chemical information can be extracted from 2D-projection measurements. In the present work, a comparison between 3D-reconstruction and 2D projection characterization of structure and mixing in nanoparticle hetero-aggregates is provided. To this end, convolutional neural networks are trained in 2D and 3D to extract particle positions and material types from the simulated or experimental measurement. Results are used to evaluate structure, particle size distributions, hetero-aggregate compositions and mixing of particles quantitatively and to find an answer to the question, whether an expensive 3D characterization is required for this material system for future characterizations.
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页数:10
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