Revisiting buyer-seller relationships in sustainable sourcing: advancing trust-commitment theory within the context of blockchain technology

PurposeTrust-commitment theory has been fundamental in understanding interorganizational relationships in sustainable supply chain management. Trust-commitment dynamics can provide insights into sustainable sourcing outcomes. Despite recent extensions to trust-commitment theory, trust and commitment correlation and the mediation role of trust between antecedents (i.e. opportunism) and commitment remains fundamental. We revisit trust-commitment theoretical relationships within the context of blockchain technology-and specifically blockchain smart contracts.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted the scenario-based experiment with 100 business professionals from operations, supply chain and related fields to test the proposed hypotheses on how different governance mechanisms impact various managerial perceptions in a buyer-seller setting.FindingsFindings reveal that compared with the formal written contract, blockchain smart contract enhances affect-based trust-as the only significant trust dimension, secures buyer commitment and interestingly, encourages opportunistic behavior. The impact of blockchain smart contract on cognition-based and institution-based trust is not significant. The findings advance trust-commitment theory with valuable managerial insights within the blockchain and sustainable sourcing context.Originality/valueThis study serves as a foundation for future studies to further clarify blockchain technology on sustainable buyer-seller relationships using fundamental relationships of trust-commitment and other social exchange theories.