On the rise or a return to pre-pandemic levels? A cross-sectional online survey on nicotine, alcohol, and illicit drug use among youth

被引:0
|
作者
Fanninger, Selina [1 ]
Mayer, Anna [1 ]
Goreis, Andreas [1 ,2 ]
Kothgassner, Oswald D. [1 ,2 ]
Matjazic, Julia [1 ]
Schoegl, Paul [1 ,2 ]
Schmelzle, Nicolas [1 ,2 ]
Wollenek, Valentin [1 ,2 ]
Skala, Katrin [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Med Univ Vienna, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
[2] Med Univ Vienna, Comprehens Ctr Pediat CCP, Vienna, Austria
关键词
COVID-19; Substance use; Youth; Nicotine; Alcohol; Cannabis; Substanzgebrauch; Jugend; Nikotin; Alkohol; ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE USE; COVID-19;
D O I
10.1007/s40211-024-00503-5
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented and deteriorating effects on the mental health of adolescents and young adults. Various studies have described changes regarding substance abuse, but findings are conflicting.Study designWe conducted a cross-sectional online survey on nicotine, alcohol, and illicit drug use.MethodsFrom March to May 2023, 502 participants aged 14-24 from a community-based sample completed the questionnaire.ResultsWe found a general trend of declining or stable substance use during the first 2 years of the pandemic; however, in the third year (i.e., 2022), substance use returned to pre-pandemic levels or exceeded it. Compared with young adults (age 19-24), adolescents' (age 14-18) use increased more clearly. Participants who scored above the cut-off on screening measures for problematic substance use showed a more pronounced increase in the use of cigarettes and illicit drugs but not of alcohol. Higher alcohol consumption during lockdowns was associated with increased likelihood of current problematic alcohol (odds ratio [OR]: 3.03) and cannabis use (OR: 2.60). Furthermore, individuals who reported increased usage of one psychotropic substance during lockdowns were more likely to have increased their use of other substances as well (OR: 2.66-4.87).ConclusionsAlthough not optimally generalizable due to the retrospective online format and convenience sampling, our results support the notion that special attention ought to be paid to certain subgroups such as younger people and those who already exhibit problematic substance use during the pandemic. Following up on post-pandemic trends in substance use is crucial for developing prevention measures and targeted interventions. ZielDie COVID-19-Pandemie hatte nie dagewesene negative Auswirkungen auf die psychische Gesundheit von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen. In verschiedenen Studien wurden Ver & auml;nderungen des Substanzmissbrauchs beschrieben, aber die Ergebnisse sind widerspr & uuml;chlich.StudiendesignEs wurde eine Online-Querschnittserhebung zum Konsum von Nikotin, Alkohol und illegalen Drogen bei Jugendlichen durchgef & uuml;hrt.MethodeVon M & auml;rz bis Mai 2023 f & uuml;llten 502 Teilnehmende im Alter von 14-24 Jahren aus einer Bev & ouml;lkerungsstichprobe den Fragebogen aus.ErgebnisseEs stellte sich eine allgemeine Tendenz zu abnehmendem oder stabilem Substanzkonsum w & auml;hrend der ersten 2 Jahre der Pandemie heraus, im dritten Jahr (d. h. 2022) kehrte der Substanzkonsum allerdings auf ein Niveau wie vor der Pandemie zur & uuml;ck oder & uuml;berstieg es sogar. Im Vergleich zu jungen Erwachsenen (Alter: 19-24 Jahre) stieg der Konsum bei Jugendlichen deutlicher an (Alter: 14-18 Jahre). Teilnehmer mit Werten oberhalb des Grenzwerts bei Screening-Parametern f & uuml;r problematischen Substanzgebrauch wiesen einen deutlicheren Anstieg bei dem Konsum von Zigaretten und illegalen Drogen, nicht aber von Alkohol auf. Ein h & ouml;herer Alkoholkonsum w & auml;hrend der Lockdowns ging mit einer erh & ouml;hten Wahrscheinlichkeit f & uuml;r aktuellen problematischen Alkohol- (Odds Ratio [OR]: 3,03) und Cannabiskonsum (OR: 2,60) einher. Au ss erdem war es bei Personen, die einen erh & ouml;hten Konsum einer psychotropen Substanz w & auml;hrend der Lockdowns angegeben hatten, wahrscheinlicher, dass sie ihren Konsum anderer Substanzen ebenfalls gesteigert hatten (OR: 2,66-4,87).SchlussfolgerungAuch wenn die vorliegenden Ergebnisse nicht optimal zu verallgemeinern sind, da ein retrospektives Online-Format und eine Gelegenheitsstichprobe angewendet wurden, unterst & uuml;tzen sie die Auffassung, dass bestimmten Untergruppen besondere Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden sollte, wie j & uuml;ngeren Leuten und Personen, die bereits w & auml;hrend der Pandemie einen problematischen Substanzgebrauch aufgewiesen haben. Die laufende Beobachtung postpandemischer Tendenzen beim Substanzkonsum junger Menschen ist von entscheidender Bedeutung f & uuml;r die Entwicklung von Pr & auml;ventionsma ss nahmen und gezielten Interventionen.
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页码:189 / 197
页数:9
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