Severe Cervical Myelopathy in a Patient With Intellectual Disability Successfully Managed With Combined Anterior and Posterior Fixation Surgery

Intellectual disability is a disorder characterized by lower developmental abilities in mental and physical performances. Due to advancements in healthcare management for patients with intellectual disabilities, the survival rate of these individuals has increased. Consequently, middle-aged patients with intellectual disabilities may present symptoms related to degenerative cervical spondylosis. However, there appear to be few reports focusing on this topic. A 52-year-old patient with intellectual disability was accompanied by his elderly parents to our hospital. The patient could not stand independently after experiencing motor weakness in the bilateral upper and lower extremities. Radiologically, cervical kyphosis and severe cervical cord compression were identified. After obtaining informed consent from the patient's parents, cervical anterior and posterior fixation surgery was performed in two sessions to resolve cervical myelopathy. The patient was discharged from the hospital 45 days after the second operation. A year post-surgery, the patient could walk independently. With the long life expectancy of patients with intellectual disability, spinal degenerative diseases resulting in cervical myelopathy can significantly impact patients' quality of life. Adequately examining, diagnosing, and surgically managing the patient can lead to improved status for patients with intellectual disability.