This study used a Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) to treat livestock manure water. The objective was to explore the impact of MFC on the treatment of dairy farming manure water, while generating electricity. This study offers new insights into the resource utilization of livestock manure water and its compliance with discharge standards. A single-compartment membrane-free air cathode MFC was constructed in this study. The cathode material used was a flat plate cathode. This study employed anaerobic acidification of pretreated cow manure as the inoculum and used cow manure as the substrate to assess electricity production performance. Similarly, the degradation effect of the MFC on cow manure was also investigated. The results showed that the removal rate of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements from cattle manure water by MFC reached 61.24%, 87.37%, 54.30%, 61.30%, 18.30% and 3.28%, respectively, with the maximal output voltage of 60.31 mV, and the maximal power density of 1.734 mW/m3 3 (1 k Omega) within 24 h. As a result, the acidification pre-treatment microbial fuel cell effectively removed COD, ammonia nitrogen, suspended solids, and elements.